feat(M01): 마스터 데이터 관리자 API 서버 쪽 — 읽기 · 시험 계산 · 저장

- M01_MasterData 라우터 + 파일 저장소 (/api/m01 · 시스템관리자 전용)
- 저장 = 판본 대조(409) → 적용 → 틀·로직 변수 검사(새 걸림 422) → 씀
- check_master.py 에 load(folder) · check_saved · calc 드러냄
- 계약 문서 장 이름 보정(공통3장)
- 시험 test_m01_api.py 8개 (임시 폴더 사본)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01PAdA5ThqmtVSsbzjusk1cJ

M01_MasterData/M01_MasterData_Router.py

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+"""M01 마스터 데이터 관리자 API — 계약 `resources/master_data/_화면_계약.md`.
+
+⚠ 권한은 등록하는 쪽(`main.py`)이 `system_admin_only` 로 붙임.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from decimal import Decimal
+from typing import Any, Literal
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from M01_MasterData import M01_MasterData_Store as store
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/m01", tags=["M01 MasterData"])
+
+
+class CalcBody(BaseModel):
+    book: str
+    key: str
+    inputs: dict[str, Any] = {}
+
+
+class Change(BaseModel):
+    op: Literal["edit", "add", "delete"]
+    key: str | None = None
+    row: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+
+
+class FileChanges(BaseModel):
+    file: str
+    version: str
+    changes: list[Change]
+
+
+class SaveBody(BaseModel):
+    files: list[FileChanges]
+
+
+def _num(v):
+    """Decimal → JSON 수(그냥 두면 글자로 나감)."""
+    if isinstance(v, Decimal):
+        return int(v) if v == v.to_integral_value() else float(v)
+    if isinstance(v, list):
+        return [_num(x) for x in v]
+    if isinstance(v, dict):
+        return {k: _num(x) for k, x in v.items()}
+    return v
+
+
+def _call(fn, *args):
+    try:
+        return _num(fn(*args))
+    except store.StoreError as e:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=e.status, detail=e.detail) from e
+
+
+@router.get("/groups")
+def get_groups() -> dict:
+    return {"groups": _call(store.groups)}
+
+
+@router.get("/groups/{group}/files")
+def get_files(group: str) -> dict:
+    return {"files": _call(store.files_of, group)}
+
+
+@router.get("/rows")
+def get_rows(file: str, page: int = 1, size: int = 50, q: str = "") -> dict:
+    return _call(store.rows, file, page, size, q)
+
+
+@router.get("/tables")
+def get_tables(file: str, q: str = "") -> dict:
+    return _call(store.tables, file, q)
+
+
+@router.get("/table")
+def get_table(file: str, key: str) -> dict:
+    return _call(store.table, file, key)
+
+
+@router.get("/logics")
+def get_logics(book: str = "", chapter: str = "", q: str = "", blocked: int | None = None) -> dict:
+    return {"logics": _call(store.logics, book, chapter, q, blocked)}
+
+
+@router.get("/logic")
+def get_logic(book: str, key: str) -> dict:
+    return _call(store.logic, book, key)
+
+
+@router.post("/calc")
+def post_calc(body: CalcBody) -> dict:
+    return _call(store.calc, body.book, body.key, body.inputs)
+
+
+@router.post("/save")
+def post_save(body: SaveBody) -> dict:
+    return {"files": _call(store.save, [f.model_dump() for f in body.files])}